刺鲃鱼卵营养成分分析及评价

Nutritional Analysis and Evaluation on Eggs of Spinibarbus caldwelli

为了对刺鲃(Spinibarbus caldwelli)鱼卵的营养品质进行评价,本试验采用常规方法对刺鲃鱼卵的一般营养成分含量、氨基酸组成、脂肪酸组成和微量元素含量进行了测定。结果表明:刺鲃鱼卵(鲜样)中粗蛋白质含量为27.66%、粗脂肪含量为3.18%、水分含量为64.26%、粗灰分含量为3.09%。刺鲃鱼卵共检测出17种氨基酸,其中必需氨基酸(EAA)7种,非必需氨基酸(NEAA)10种,总氨基酸(TAA)含量为23.21%,EAA含量为9.28%,NEAA含量为13.93%;EAA构成比例符合FAO/W HO标准,分别以氨基酸评分(AAS)和化学评分(CS)进行评价,其第一限制性氨基酸均为蛋氨酸+半胱氨酸,第二限制性氨基酸均为苯丙氨酸+酪氨酸。必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)为59.26%。刺鲃鱼卵共检测出11种脂肪酸,其中3种饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、3种单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)、5种多不饱和脂肪(PUFA),分别占脂肪酸总量的22.68%、48.40%、28.93%;C20∶5n-3(EPA)+C22∶6n-3(DHA)占脂肪酸总量的8.53%。刺鲃鱼卵中微量元素铜、锌、铁、锰、硒含量丰富,其中锌、铁含量分别高达90.986 5、31.386 3 mg/kg。由此得出,刺鲃鱼卵营养丰富,有较高的综合开发利用价值。

In order to evaluate the nutritional values of eggs of Spinibarbus caldwelli,the contents of common nutritional components and trace elements,amino acid composition and fatty acid composition of eggs of Spinibarbus caldwelli were measured using conventional analytical methods. The results show ed that the contents of crude protein,crude fat,moisture and ash in fresh eggs of Spinibarbus caldwelli were 27. 66%,3. 18%,64.26% and 3. 09%,respectively. Seventeen amino acids including 7 essential amino acids（ EAA） and 10 nonessential amino acids（ NEAA） were found in Spinibarbus caldwelli eggs,and the contents of total amino acids（ TAA）,EAA and NEAA were 23.21%,9. 28% and 13. 93%,respectively. EAA composition met the standard of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/W orld Health Organization（ FAO/W HO）. According to amino acid score（ AAS） and chemical score（ CS）,the first limiting amino acid was both methionine＋cysteine,and the second limiting amino acid was both phenylalanine＋tyrosine. Essential amino acid index（ EAAI） of eggs of Spinibarbus caldwelli was 59. 26%. Totally 11 fatty acids were detected in eggs of Spinibarbus caldwelli including 3 saturated fatty acids（ SFA）, 3 mono-unsaturated fatty acids（ MUFA） and 5 polyunsaturated fatty acids（ PUFA）. The amounts of SFA,MUFA,PUFA and C20∶ 5n-3（ EPA） ＋C22 ∶6n-3（ DHA） were 22.68%,48.40%,28.93% and 8.53% of the total fatty acids,respectively.Spinibarbus caldwelli eggs contained copper（ Cu）,zinc（ Zn）,iron（ Fe）,manganese（ Mn） and selenium（ Se）,and Zn and Fe contents summed up to 90.986 5 and 31.386 3 mg/kg,respectively. In conclusion,Spinibarbus caldwelli eggs have rich nutrition,and have a higher value of comprehensive exploitation and utilization.