多巴胺受体基因多态性及其与鸡繁殖性状的相关性

Polymorphism of Dopamine Receptor Gene and Correlation between Dopamine Receptor Gene and Chicken Reproductive Trait

为探明多巴胺（Dopamine，DA）受体基因与鸡繁殖性状的关联性，找出可作为鸡繁殖性状的重要标记，选用贵州省地方鸡种荔波瑶山鸡，采用PCR测序法对5种DA受体基因（DRDI—DRD5）的多态位点进行检测，并进行与繁殖性状的关联分析。结果表明：DRDI基因有1073（D＋A）1个多态位点，分别与300日龄产蛋量、首次就巢日龄呈极显著相关（P〈0．01）；DRD2基因上有15个多态位点，分别与繁殖性状存在显著或极显著相关，其中14个位点分布于各内含子上，仅有4260（G→C）1个位点位于第6外显子，该位点与开产日龄、300日龄产蛋量和首次就巢日龄呈显著相关（P〈0．05）；DRD3基因11720（C→G）与300日龄产蛋量存在显著相关（P〈0．05），该位点CC型个体在试验期间无就巢现象；DRD4基因5365（C→T）与开产日龄存在显著相关（P〈0．05），5546（G→A）与首次就巢日龄和首次就巢持续时间存在显著相关（P〈0．05）。以上多态位点可作为与相关繁殖性状有显著或极显著影响指标的辅助选择标记。

Libo Yaoshan Chicken, a Guizhou local chicken variety, was used to detect polymorphic site of five DA receptor genes （ DRD1 - DRDS） by PCR sequencing and the relationship between these DA receptor genes and chicken reproductive traits was analyzed to discuss the relationship between Dopamine （DA） receptor gene and chicken reproductive traits and find out the important markers for chicken reproductive traits. Results： 1073 （G→A） of DRD1 gene is related to egg number of 300 days （EN300） and age at first broodiness behavior （AF- BB） very significantly. More than 15 polymorphic sites of DRD2 gene are related to chicken reproductive traits significantly or very significantly. 14 sites of 15 sites distribute to different intrens. The site of 4260 （C→C） is located in exon-6, which is related to age of first egg （AFE）, EN300 and AFBB significantly. 11720 （C-＊G） of DRD3 gene is related to EN300 significantly. The individuals with CC type and 11720 （C→G） are no broodiness behavior. 5365 （C→T） of DRD4 gene is related to AFBB significantly and 5546 （C→A） of DRD4 gene is related to AFBB and duration of age at first broodiness behaviour （DAFBB） significantly. The above polymorphic sites are used as the assistant selection markers to influence the related reproductive traits significantly or very significantly.