新形势下医学生的就业价值观及引导对策研究--以江苏省为例

Analyses of the Employment Value of Medical Students in New Situation and Guiding Countermeasures:Taking Jiangsu Province as an Example

目的了解当前医学生的就业价值观,分析存在问题,探究影响因素,创新引导策略,为高校就业指导工作提供参考,为政府卫生行政部门制定人才培养策略等提供科学依据。方法自行拟定问卷对江苏省十所普通高校2015届应届医学相关专业毕业生(以下简称医学毕业生)的择业倾向、就业途径、就业指导需求等方面展开调查。结果发放问卷650份,收回有效问卷591份,回收率为90.9%。调查结果显示:39.0%的被调查者选择接受研究生教育,选择就业的占61%;不同性别医学毕业生的就业与考研意向差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而学历和专业对考研与就业的影响均有统计学意义(P<0.05);在择业方面,专业对口为首要影响因素,工作环境的影响程度最小,差别有统计学意义(P<0.05);88.7%的被调查者通过自己应聘方式获得就业岗位,且就业信息的获取多来源于学校;学生对学校就业指导的需求随着年级的升高呈阶段性变化。结论多数医学毕业生对就业前景持乐观态度,但十分重视专业对口,就业面狭窄。面对目前医学毕业生的就业问题及其对在校期间就业指导的阶段性需求,各医学类院校应通过多种途径加强就业教育指导,引导其树立正确的就业价值观。此外,改善医学生就业现况需从个人、学校、社会等多方面入手。

Objective To understand the current medical students＇ employment value,analyze the existing problems,and explore the influencing factors,innovate guidance strategies,provide reference for college employment guidance,and provide scientific basis for the government health administrative departments to develop talents training strategies.Methods A questionnaire survey is made on the2015 recent graduates from ten medical related schools（hereinafter referred to as medical graduates）in Jiangsu province.The questionnaire survey was conducted on the topics of employment tendency,employment path,and employment guidance demand.Results 650 questionnaires were issued,591 valid questionnaires were recovered,and the recovery rate was 90.9%.The results show that 39.0%of the respondents chose to accept the graduate education,students who chose employment accounted for61%;the differences in employment and postgraduate education of medical graduates with different genders has no statistical significance（P0.05）,and the impact of diploma and major on the postgraduate education and employment have statistical significance（P0.05）;In terms of employment,as the primary influence factor,professional counterpart has the least impact on the working environment,the difference was statistically significant（P0.05）;88.7% of respondents obtain employment by themselves,and the obtaining of employment information is from the school;the students＇ demand for the school employment guidance shows a period change with the increase of the grade.Conclusion Most medical graduates are optimistic about the employment outlook,and attach great importance to the professional counterparts,with the narrow employment.Faced with the current medical graduates＇ employment problems and period demand for the school employment guidance,medical colleges should strengthen employment education guidance through a variety of ways,and guide them to establish correct employment values.In addition,it is needed to begin with the aspects of the majors,schools,society so as to improve the employment situation of medical students.