自然杀伤细胞抗肿瘤免疫疗法的研究进展

Progresses of natural killer cell based cancer immunotherapy

对人类免疫系统的研究为免疫疗法带来了前所未有的突破。人们很早就了解到与T细胞比较，自然杀伤细胞诱导宿主针对恶性肿瘤细胞产生非抗原依赖性免疫应答的能力更强。针对激活或者抑制自然杀伤细胞功能通路的研究不断增多，同样，提高肿瘤细胞对自然杀伤细胞敏感性的方法也越来越多，在这些研究的基础上发展出了大量的药物或者基因方法，用于增强自然杀伤细胞抗癌免疫的能力。这些发现为研究者提供了新的方法和策略来发掘自然杀伤细胞在抗癌免疫疗法中的潜力。本文对自然杀伤细胞抗肿瘤免疫疗法的研究进展进行综述。

Although natural killer （NK） cells have long been known to have advantages in terms of their capacity to induce antigen-independent host immune responses against malignancies, but their therapeutic potential has been largely unexplored. A growing number of studies on methods to activate and suppress NK cell function, sensitize tumors to NK cell cytotoxicity have led to the development of many drugs and genetic methods to augment NK cell antitumour cytotoxicity. These findings have provided a variety of new methods to study the full potential of NK cell-based cancer immunotherapy.