某校本科护生心理健康状况的三年追踪调查

Three-year following-up investigation on mental health status of undergraduate nursing students

目的：考察本科护生心理健康状况的动态变化，为有针对性地开展心理健康教育提供科学依据。方法采用症状自评量表（ SCL-90）对某校2012级60名本科护生进行3年4次追踪调查。结果本科新生的心理健康状况在强迫、焦虑和精神病性因子方面得分明显高于国内青年常模，差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。随着年级的增加，护生心理健康状况逐渐好转，到三年级时，各因子比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。但入学满1年后部分因子分值出现反弹，尤其人际关系因子分值再度升高（P〈0.05），之后又开始下降。结论护理专业新生的心理健康状况不很乐观，需要适当开展新生心理健康教育，入学1年后护生的人际关系状况可能反弹，仍需有针对性地关注。

Objective To explore the dynamic changes of mental health of undergraduate nursing students and provide scientific basis for mental health education. Methods A total of 60 undergraduate nursing students in Gracd 2012 one school were received following-up investigation for four times in three years with symptom checklist 90 （SCL-90）. Results The scores of obsessive, anxiety and psychotic factors were higher in the freshmen than those in Chinese youth norm （P 〈0. 05）. The mental health status of students gradually improved with the increase of grades, and the differences were not statistically significant to the third grade （ P〉0. 05）. In addition, the scores of some factors increased at the beginning of the second grade, especially interpersonal sensitivity （P〈0. 05）, then began to decline. Conclusions The mental health status of nursing freshmen is not optimistic, and we should strengthen mental health education to improve their psychological quality. Although their mental health status becomes better one year later, they are still confronted with difficulties in interpersonal skills.