民族信仰与意义赋予——以吉狄马加诗歌的“仪式”意象为视角

National Belief and Significance Endowment——A Study on the Ceremony Image in Jidi Majia's Poems

彝族诗人吉狄马加是中国当代极具盛名的少数民族诗人。在诗作中,吉狄马加频繁地叙写了彝族的风尚习俗、祭祀礼仪、图腾信仰、神话传说等"仪式"意象。吉狄马加在诗作中常常以彝族的仪式文化为视角来探寻彝族的历史、思考彝族的现实,彰显了他对彝族文化的深沉思考和独特想象,表达了他对彝族现实生活、未来发展、人性人文等形而上的思考和终极关怀意识,这使他有关彝族的书写更切近于本民族的原生态状态。仪式是对现实的超越性表征,是一种情感体验,具有召唤作用。诗人常常在诗作中通过"仪式"意象表达对彝族文化传统的强烈认同,以此来表明自己的民族文化身份。仪式书写是诗人吉狄马加诗歌创作的一种策略和表达诉求的一种途径。

Jidi Majia,a poet of the Yi nationality,is one of the very renowned contemporary Chinese ethnic poets. In his poems,Jidi Majia frequently narrates ceremony images,such as custom,sacrifice etiquette,totem belief,myths and legends of the Yi nationality,etc. From the perspective of the ceremony culture of Yi nationality,Jidi Majia,in his poems,often explores the history of the Yi nationality and thinks deeply about the reality of the Yi nationality,reveals his profound thinking and unique imagination of the Yi culture and expresses his metaphysical thinking and sense of ultimate concern of real life,the future development,human nature and humanity of the Yi nationality;therefore his narration on the Yi nationality is closely related to the original ecological state of it. Ceremony is a transcendental representation of reality and a kind of emotional experience and has the function of summon. In his poems,the poet often expresses the strong approval of the cultural tradition of the Yi nationality and then indicates his own national culture identity. For Jidi Majia,the ceremony narration is a strategy of poem writing and a way of expressing demands.