圆明园收藏及流失海外文物数量别论

An Alternative Account of Number of Historical Relics in Old Summer Palace

圆明园在劫掠和焚毁前究竟有多少件文物?之后又有多少文物流失海外?长期以来,我国学者并未作这样明确的区分,只是笼统地宣称有150万件之多,而且众口一词,似为定论。学者相信,圆明园有专门记载所藏文物数量、名称等信息的陈设清册,可能在英军焚园时一同销毁,也有可能遗失后毁弃,所以今人无法知道文物的确切数量。不过,相关史料证明,圆明园文物是与紫禁城文物一并记录的,清廷并未建有独立成册的圆明园陈设清册,这似乎即是专家学者多年来苦苦寻觅圆明园清册而不可得的根本原因之所在。通过与清宫在国家政治中的地位与功能的比较,与清漪、静明、静宜三园所藏文物数量的比较,与清宫陈设物品的密度的比较,可以肯定,学界估算的圆明三园陈设物品的数量是不可信的。

How many historical relics had been there before Winter Palace was robbed off and destroyed？And how many items were lost to overseas？To date,no accurate number has been distinguished and about 1,000,000 have been the guessed number.In fact,it has been said so without doubt,a belief that seems to be final.It has been believed that there should be a special recording list of the numbers and names,which were probably destroyed along the destiny of the Palace or lost and then deserted and therefore no exact number is accessible.However,relevant historical materials prove that the relics at the Winter Palace should have simultaneously been recorded along with those at the Prohibited City.In other words,there had been no independent volume that recorded the items in Winter Palace,and that should be the key reason why scholars have worked for it for so many years but in vain.