城市工业空间布局与区域协调发展水平综合评价及差异——环渤海地区与西部能源“金三角”比较

Comprehensive Evaluation and Difference Research on Spatial Distribution of City Industry and Regional Coordinated Development Level in China： Comparison of BoHai Rim and Western Energy ＂Golden Triangle＂

基于2012年全国288个地级市截面数据,构建我国城市工业空间布局与区域协调发展综合水平评价指标体系,对地级市资源、环境、经济和社会四个子系统进行了熵值评价,根据熵值得分重点对环渤海地区和西部能源“金三角”地区80个城市进行聚类分类和空间计量分析,并计算了全国288个地级市、环渤海和西部能源“金三角”9个省域城市工业空间布局与区域协调发展综合水平的几何平均得分。结果表明：（1）在工业空间布局与区域协调发展的四个子系统中社会子系统发展较为滞后;（2）环渤海与西部能源“金三角”地区的绝大多数城市仍处于低层次的协调发展水平,西部能源“金三角”地区综合水平最高的为中卫市,其次为酒泉市,环渤海地区综合水平最高的城市缺席,次高城市是邢台市、石家庄市;（3）省域差异比较分析中环渤海地区各子系统水平和综合水平得分均高于西部能源“金三角”地区,但两个地区都存在工业空间布局不合理影响区域协调发展的问题;（4）80个城市形成了京津鲁核心区—蒙辽冀过渡区—宁陕甘外围区的工业布局与区域发展空间格局,环渤海地区形成了京津冀、山东半岛、辽东半岛“三足鼎立”的格局,在京津冀辐射带动作用下,西部能源“金三角”的宁夏、内蒙古自治区依托其特有的资源优势发展较快,在承接产业转移的同时依据自身特色构建了一定自我发展能力。

Based on data of 288 prefecture-level cities in 2012, the overall development level evaluation index system of the urban industrial spatial distribution and regional coordinatation is constructed, the entropy of city resources, environment, economic and social subsystem is evaluated. According to entropy scores, the focus on cluster classification and spatial analysis for 80 urban cities in Bohai rim and Western energy Golden Triangle are employed, and the geometric average scores of spatial distribution of city industrial and regional coordinated development levels of country＇s 288 cities, 9 provinces （autonomous regions and municipalities） including Bohai and Golden Triangle are calculated. The results show that： （1） the social subsystem in subsystem of spatial distribution of city industrial and regional coordinated development is relatively lagging behind, Zhongwei city is the highest level in western energy ＂Golden Triangle＂ and the second level is Jiuquan city, while there is no highest level city in BoHai Rim and the second-highest level follows Xingtai and Shijiazhuang; （2） the coordinated development level of most cities in Bohai Rim and western energy ＂Golden Triangle＂ region are still low; （3） in the comparative analysis of the provincial differences, each sub-system level and the overall level in Bohai are higher than ＂Golden Triangle＂ region, but those two regional industrial distributions have unreasonable influence on the coordinated development; （4） Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, Shandong Peninsula and Liaodong Peninsula form a situation of tripartite confrontation. Radiation areas, which are in the west of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region and the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region relying on its own resource advantages and the rapid development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region undertake industry transfers, and at the same time, achieve sell- development based on its own characteristics.