父母教养方式的潜在类别:潜在剖面分析

The Latent Classes of Parenting Style: An Application of Latent Profile Analysis

采用问卷法,对764名青少年进行测试,首先采用潜在剖面分析模型探索了父母教养方式的潜在类别,然后通过青少年道德脱离、道德同一性的得分差异来确认潜在类别的效度。结果表明,从青少年的角度父母教养方式分为积极型、消极型和混合型三种,其中积极型人数最多、消极型人数最少。此外,青少年道德脱离、道德同一性的得分在这三种潜在类别上存在显著差异,表明本研究得到的三种潜在类别有较好的效度。积极型教养方式下青少年道德脱离的得分显著低于混合型和消极型的得分,混合型教养方式下道德脱离的得分显著高于消极型的得分;积极型教养方式下青少年道德同一性的得分显著高于混合型和消极型的得分,混合型教养方式下道德同一性的得分显著低于消极型的得分。

As an important issue in developmental or education psychology, some researches have been done to show the consequences or types of parenting style, others explored the relationship between parenting style and personality,emotional or cognitive factors, demographic variables or social and contextual factors. With regard to the above-mentioned studies, statistics analysis that deal with continuous variables prevailed researches. But researchers early stressed that patterns of parenting styles should be the more important issue and psychological researchers should explore the patterns of parenting styles. This study described patterns of in parenting styles profiles from youth ′s perspective. 764 participants attend this study and their parenting style, Moral identity and Moral disengagement were assessed. Latent profile analysis was used to determine the pattern of parenting style, and ANOVA was used to examine the relationship between the subtypes of parenting style and adolescent′s moral disengagement or moral identity. The results indicated that there are three parenting style patterns from adolescences′ perspective. Three subtypes of parenting style were defined as positive parenting style, mixed parenting style and passive parenting style, respectively. There are maximum adolescents in positive pattern and minimum adolescents in passive pattern.Relative to positive parenting style, the moral disengagement and moral identity of adolescnces who received mixed parenting style or passive parenting style will be different. As for moral disengagement, adoleecnces who received passive pattern will score lower than that of mixed pattern′s. Finally, the theoretical and practical implications of the research were discussed. It was claimed that there were multi-patterns about parenting style.