论雷蒙德·威廉斯对历史唯物主义的释义重建——一个“文化唯物主义”视角下的探讨

On Raymond Williams' Interpretation Reconstruction of Historical Materialism from the Perspective of " Cultural Materialism"

在实现历史唯物主义的英国式重建的过程中,雷蒙德·威廉斯通过融合本土的文化分析方法提出"文化唯物主义"这一概念。这种重建工作可以界定为"以文化唯物主义为视角的释义重建",主要包括从"二分"到"总体"、从"决定"到"颠倒"两个方面。同时,威廉斯的这种重建工作深受以卢卡奇、阿尔都塞等为代表的西方马克思主义的理论范式的影响,本质上是一场"英马式的西马实践"。

In the realization of British--style reconstruction of historical materialism, Raymond Williams raised a con- cept called ＂cultural materialism＂ which incorporated the cultural analysis of Britain. This reconstruction can be de- fined as the interpretation reconstruction from the perspective of ＂cultural materialism＂, which covers two aspects-- from ＂dichotomy＂ to ＂totality＂ and from ＂determination＂ to ＂reversal＂. And at the same time, this reconstruction is significantly influenced by the theoretical paradigm of Western Marxism represented by Imkacs and Althusser. Essen- tially, it is a practice of Western Marxism that has more British theoretical style.