论商事代理制度——以《合同法》为重心

Commercial Agent System——Taking the "Contract Law" as the Focus

商事代理制度是商品经济社会发展的产物,同时也是商品经济社会重要的法律制度。商事代理制度广泛应用于国内与国际贸易,简化了在商品经济社会的各种复杂关系,促进商品经济的积极、健康、有序的发展。我国并未形成系统而完备的商事代理制度,商事代理行为以《合同法》第402条、第403条等法律条文对其进行规制。现行法律规定导致大陆法系代理制度的理论基础——区别论与英美法系代理制度的理论基础——等同论并用的混乱局面,同时相关法律规定也存在瑕疵,并不利于代理人、被代理人、第三人的权利保护。我国商事代理制度的完善,应以等同论作为唯一理论基础,改变双重理论并用的混乱局面,同时构架商事代理相关制度,才能更好地顺应商事代理实践的发展要求,顺应商事代理制度本身对于交易效率的内在要求,同时更好的维护代理人、被代理人、第三人的权益,促进商品市场经济的健康、有序的发展。

commercial agent system is a product of the development of the society of commodity economy and an important legal system of the society of commodity economy. Commercial agent system is widely used in domestic and international trade,and it simplifies the complex relationships in the society of commodity economy,so it promotes the active,healthy and orderly development of the commodity economy. Commercial agency system in China did not form a complete system,and commercial agency behavior is regulated by Article402,Article 403,etc. in ＂ Contract Law＂. Existing legal provisions lead to the coexisting of the Theory of Separ Action,which is the theoretical basis of agency system in continental legal system,and the Theory of Identity,which is the theoretical basis of agency system in Anglo- American legal system. In the meantime,the relevant legal provisions are flawed,for it is not conducive to the protection of the rights of the agent,the principal,and the third parties. Improvement of commercial agent system in China should be solely based on the Theory of Identity,changing the chaotic situation of the dual theory,and formulating the framework of the relevant commercial agent system in order to better adapt to the requirements of the development of the practice of commercial agent,making commercial agent system adapt itself to the inherent requirements of efficiency,and better protecting of the agent,the principal and the third party ＇s rights and interests,and thus promote the healthy and orderly development of the commodity market economy.