济南市刘家庄遗址商代墓葬M121、M122发掘简报

Excavation Report of Shang Dynasty Tombs M121 and M122 at Liujiazhuang Site

刘家庄遗址位于济南市古城区西北约3公里的城中村—刘家庄村,是一处商周和唐至明清时期的遗址。2010年7月—2011年2月,济南市考古研究所对其进行了抢救性考古发掘,清理出大量灰坑、墓葬等遗迹。M121、M122两墓规模较大,随葬器物丰富,出土大量青铜器,器形完整及可辨者共计121件,其中容器22件,有鼎、甑、簋、爵、觚、斝、卣、壶等;兵器77件(组),有戈、矛、刀等;另有少量玉器及陶器等。部分青铜器上带有族徽铭文,共计4种14组。两座墓葬出土器物与殷墟同类器物极为相似,初步推测两座墓葬时代为殷墟三期,墓主人为中等贵族。发掘表明,晚商时期刘家庄区域居住着至少一支与商都殷墟有密切关系的氏族,再次验证了济南在商代的重要位置,为山东地区商代政治、经济格局的研究提供了重要的资料,同时对研究济南的城市变迁也有重大意义。

The Liujiazhuang site is located at the Liujiazhuang village, about 3 kilometres northwest of the ancient city in Jinan, Shandong province. Discovered here are remains of the Shang to Zhou dynasties and Tang to Qing dynasties. From July 2010 to February 2011, the Jinan Municipal Institute of Archaeology carried out a rescue excavation at this site. A lot of ash pits and burials have been discovered. Abundant objects are excavated from the two large-scale tombs M121 and M122. Among them are 121 complete bronzes, including twenty-two containers（ding, zeng, gui, jue, gu, jia, you with handle and hu） and seventyseven weapons（dagger-axes, spears and knifes）, in addition to some jades and pottery. Fourteen groups in four types of clan emblems have been identified on some bronzes. Because the excavated objects are similar to those from Yinxu, these two tombs are preliminarily dated to phase III of the Yinxu culture and the tomb occupants were middle ranking noblemen. The excavation shows that in the late Shang dynasty, at least one tribe lived around Liujiazhuang and kept close contacts with Yinxu. It is evidence to Jinan＇s geographical importance during the Shang. It also provides important data for studying political and economical situation of Shandong during the Shang as well as urban development of Jinan.