粳稻品质及其与产量关系的种子效应与母体效应估测

Seed and Maternal Genetic Effects of Grain Qualities and their Relationships with Yields of Different Japonica Rice Varieties

采用朱军提出的种子性状遗传模型 ,利用 3× 3NCⅡ正反交设计的亲本和部分组合F2 代种子计 15种基因型材料 ,分析了糙米率、垩白粒率、垩白面积和直链淀粉含量的种子效应与母体效应 ,预测了两类亲本的遗传效应大小。结果表明 ,糙米率、垩白粒率、垩白面积和直链淀粉含量均存在显著的母体效应与直接效应 ,垩白面积还存在显著的细胞质效应 ;优质亲本具有显著降低垩白粒率、垩白面积的直接加性效应与母体加性效应。

The direct effects and female effects on the percentage of brown rice, the rate and size of chalkiness and the content of amylose were analyzed in parents which were used to make 3 3NCⅡreciprocal mating and some F 2 offspring populations. The genetic correlations between quality and plant characters were also analyzed. The results show that the percentage of brown rice, the rate of chalkiness,the size of chalkiness and the content of amylose have significant female and direct effects, and the size of chalkiness has cytoplasm effect. The percentage of brown rice and the rate of chalkiness have greater additive genetic rate, and the size of chalkiness have greater female genetic rate. The first class parents (high yielding parents) have lower percentage of brown rice, but higher rate of chalkiness and greater size of chalkiness.