H_3PO_4活化紫茎泽兰制备活性炭及其性能研究

Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Eupatorium Adenophorum Using H_3PO_4 as Activator

以紫茎泽兰为原料,采用H_3PO_4活化的方式在管式电阻炉中加热制备紫茎泽兰基活性炭。主要考察以N2作保护气体时活化温度、保温时间以及H_3PO_4浓度(质量分数)对活性炭吸附性能及得率的影响。获得优化实验条件:活化温度400℃、保温时间60 min、H_3PO_4浓度50%,并测得相应的亚甲基蓝吸附值为210 mg/g、得率为59.70%,其中亚甲基蓝吸附值为国家标准GB/T 13803.2-1999活性炭一级品的1.6倍。优化实验条件下活性炭的BET比表面积、总孔体积、平均孔径分别为1346m2/g、0.83cm3/g、2.45nm,同时用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)和扫描电镜(SEM)对活性炭进行分析表征。实验结果表明紫茎泽兰是一种制备活性炭的良好前驱体材料。

Activated carbon was prepared from eupatorium adenophorum by chemical activation process with phosphoric acid as activator in tubular resistance furnace. Keeping its non-oxidizing atmosphere with continual supply of the nitrogen, the adsorptive properties and carbon yield during the changing process of the activation temperature, activation duration and the different concentration of phosphoric acid（mass ratio） were investegated. The best result obtained in this study was that the yield of activated carbon was 59. 70% and the methylene blue adsorption value was 210 mg/g which was 1.6 times of the first grade activated carbon in national standard 13803. 2-1999 GB/T, under the condition of activation temperature of 400℃, activation duration of 60 min and 50% concentration of phosphoric acid. Moreover, the prepared activated carbon was with BET specific area of 1346 m^2/g, total pore volume of 0. 83 cm^3/g and average pore diameter of 2. 46 nm under the optimal condition. Besides, the activated carbons were analyzed by FT-IR and SEM. Finally, the results demonstrated that eupatoriurn aclenophorum is favorable for preparing activated carbon.