长期施肥对西南黄壤碳氮磷生态化学计量学特征的影响

Effect of Long-term Fertilization on Ecological Stoichiometry Characteristics of Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Southwest Yellow Soil

为了解长期不同施肥措施下黄壤碳、氮、磷生态化学计量学特征,研究以贵州黄壤长期定位试验2003～2013共11年土样为研究对象,测定分析土壤碳、氮、磷养分及生态化学计量指标变化特征,旨为黄壤培肥、增加土壤碳汇提供重要理论依据。结果表明：（1）长期不同施肥措施下,有机碳、全氮、全磷含量变化较一致,均以有机肥处理较高,且随有机肥施用量增加而增加;（2）不同处理土壤C/N、C/P、N/P比变化范围为13.49～15.58、13.72～17.86、0.99～1.28,通过各处理变异系数和碳、氮、磷两两相关分析可知,黄壤C/N比较稳定,碳氮变化一致,而C/P、N/P比变化较大;（3）C/N、C/P比与有机碳呈极显著正相关关系,N/P比与全氮呈极显著正相关关系,但相关系数各不同;（4）与中国和世界土壤C/N/P比平均水平相比,黄壤碳、氮、磷比例失衡。

In order to study the ecological stoichiometry characteristics of carbon（C）, nitrogen（N） and phosphorus（P）in Yellow Soil under long-term different fertilization, this study collected soil samples from the long-term experiment sites in Guizhou Province from 2003 to 2013 and the ecological stoichiometry characteristics was evaluated by analyzing changes in the contents of soil C, N and P. Results showed that：（1） Changes in the contents of organic carbon（OC）, total nitrogen（TN） and total phosphorus（TP） almost followed the same trend, the contents were higher in the organic manure treatment than in the chemical fertilizer treatment and increased with increasing application amount of manure;（2） The range of C/N、C/P、N/P ratios was13.49- 15.58, 13.72- 17.86, and 0.99- 1.28,respectively, under the different treatments. The variation coefficients and the correlation analysis among C, N and P indicated that the C/N ratio was stable, but the C/P and N/P ratios changed largely in the Yellow Soil;（3） Significant correlations were found between the C/N or C/P ratios and OC and between the N/P ratio and TN;（4） Compared with soil C/N/P ratios in other studies in China and the World, the C, N and P ratio was imbalanced in the Yellow Soil.