上海市黄浦区新生儿血源乙型肝炎疫苗免疫后28年效果随访

Efficacy of Immunization of Plasma-derived Hepatitis B Vaccine 28 Years after Vaccination of Newborns in Huangpu District,Shanghai

目的了解新生儿血源乙型肝炎（乙肝）疫苗（HepB）接种的长期免疫效果和加强免疫的必要性。方法对黄浦区1986年出生并全程接种血源HepB的对象隔年随访,采血检测和分析乙肝表面抗原（HBs Ag）携带率、乙肝表面抗体（Anti-HBs）阳性率、乙肝核心抗体（Anti-HBc）阳性率。结果在28年14次随访的213~988例样本中,HBsAg携带率在0.19%~0.98%之间,未随免疫时间延长出现上升趋势（χ~2=0.870,P=0.351）;Anti-HBc阳性率在0.96%~3.40%之间,随免疫时间延长未呈现下降趋势（χ~2=3.457,P=0.063）;Anti-HBs阳性率在20.11%~89.72%之间,随免疫时间延长呈现下降趋势（χ~2=797.206,P〈0.001）。结论新生儿使用血源Hep B免疫有较好的持久性,免疫后28年无需加强免疫。

Objective To evaluate the long-term effect of domestic plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine（ p Hep B） in newborns,and to determine whether a booster dose is needed.Methods We followed up subjects who were born in 1986 and immunized with p Hep B in Huangpu district of Shanghai every two years,and determined carriage rates of hepatitis B surface antigen（ Hbs Ag） and positivity rates of hepatitis B surface antibody（ Anti-HBc） and hepatitis B core antibody（ Anti-HBc）.Results Among 213 of988 subjects receiving 14 follow-up assessments over 28-years,HBs Ag carriage rates were 0.19%-0.98%,without a significant increase over time（ χ~2= 0.870,P = 0.351）.Anti-HBc positive rates were0.96%-3.40% without a significant decrease over time（ χ~2= 3.457,P = 0.063）.Anti-HBs positive rates were 20.11%-89.72%,with a significant decrease over time（ χ~2= 797.206,P 0.001）.Conclusions The p Hep B had good immune persistence following vaccination of newborns.A booster immunization is not necessary 28 years after primary immunization.