基于犁切破岩的锥形金刚石切削齿钻头及其应用

TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATION OF NEWTYPE CONICAL DIAMOND ELEMENT BIT

PDC钻头有着较高的钻进效率,但在非均质硬地层中应用时却存在寿命短、机械钻速低的问题。研究具有较高抗冲击强度和耐磨性的新型钻头来解决硬地层破岩效率,是当前国内外钻头厂商的一个研究热点。为此,在分析锥形切削齿破岩原理及其优势基础上,详细介绍了近年研发的一种具有犁削破岩和剪切破岩双重切削作用的最新圆锥形金刚石元件CDE切削齿钻头。实钻试验表明,这种复合式锥形齿PDC钻头能够在极具挑战性的地层条件下延长钻进深度,提高机械钻速,极大地提高交互夹层、含燧石硬质研磨性地层、火山岩地层、地热井甚至有些认为采用PDC钻头无法钻进的地层中的钻进效率。

Polycrystalline diamond compact bits have been popular with the customers for high drilling efficiency.However,the conventional PDC bit has the problems of short service life and low ROP in heterogeneous hard formation.The current research focus of bit manufactories has been on developing new type bit with superior impact strength and wear resistance which can solve rock cutting efficiency in hard formations.Therefore,on the basis of analyzing the cutting principle and its advantages,a new-type conical diamond element bit combined with plowing action and cutting action together—CDE bit developed in recent years has been detailed.The bits with CDEs have proven effective in a diverse array of applications,especially in improving the drilling efficiency of challenging applications such as high compressive interbedded formations,chert,volcanic rock,geothermal wells,and even cases that were once considered undrillable with a PDC bit.