上海市售鳜不同组织器官中总汞含量分布特征及食用安全性

Distribution investigation and risk analysis of mercury in organs and muscles of Siniperca chuatsi from Shanghai markets

对上海市售鳜（Siniperca chuatsi）进行取样,测定其不同组织器官中总汞含量,并对消费者食用鳜导致的汞暴露风险进行分析。结果表明,总汞在鳜体内不同组织器官中的含量存在差异：心脏中的总汞含量最高,含量范围为0.016~0.085 mg/kg;肝脏中总汞含量次之,含量范围为0.032~0.041 mg/kg;肌肉中总汞含量范围为0.011~0.064 mg/kg;其他内脏器官含量较低。检测结果发现总汞在鳜体内的分布呈现出一定的趋势,即心脏〉肝脏〉腹部肌肉〉尾部肌肉〉背部肌肉〉鳃〉肾脏〉肠〉脾脏〉胰腺〉生殖腺〉脑。鳜肌肉中总汞平均含量约为0.025 mg/kg,低于GB2762—2012《食品中污染物限量》的标准限量值。根据联合国粮农组织和世界卫生组织食品添加剂联合专家委员会（JECFA）制定的参考摄入量（暂定每周耐受摄入量,PTWI）,对鳜的食用风险进行分析,发现普通成年人（体重以60 kg计）平均每周通过鳜摄入总汞的量相当于PTWI的1.13%,说明该批样品对于一般人群不会带来汞暴露风险。本研究可为监管、生产、科研等部门了解鳜体内总汞含量、食用风险及开展相关工作提供基础数据和参考资料。

In the study, the contents of total mercury in organs and muscles of Siniperca chuatsi samples from Shanghai markets were determined and its exposure risk to consumers was also evaluated. The results showed that the contents of mercury were different in various organs and muscles. The highest mercury was in heart, its concentration ranged from 0. 016 to 0. 085 mg/kg. The next content was in liver, from 0. 032 to O. 041 mg/kg, and the third one was in muscles, from O. O11 to 0. 064 mg/kg. The distribution characteristics of total mercury in Siniperca chuatsi were as follows ： heart 〉 liver 〉 abdominal muscle 〉 tail muscle 〉 back muscle 〉 gills 〉 kidney 〉 intestines 〉 spleen 〉 pancreas 〉 germen 〉 brain. In addition, the average content of total mercury in muscles was 0. 025 mg/kg, which was below the standard limit of GB 2762--2012. According to the criteria of provisional tolerable weekly intake （lYI＇WI） from Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives （JECFA）, it was found that the total mercury weekly intake via Siniperca chuatsi was 1.13% of PTWI for an adult individual with 60 kg body weight, which had no exposure risk for common population. This study could provide reference data for administration departments, aquaculture farms, and research institutions to carry out related supervision and work. [ Chinese Fishery Quality and Standards, 2016, 6 （4）：1 -5]