从偏离到回归:中国政府对义务教育公共性的认识轨迹

Recognition of Chinese government on the public property of compulsory education

中国教育政策的制定与政府对义务教育公共性的认识程度密切相关。义务教育公共性的属性要求国家制定的教育政策必须符合公益性、公平性和公共参与的要求。我国政府对义务教育公共性的认识——具体表现在对义务教育的目的、责任主体、价值观、服务对象等方面的认识,经历了从偏离到回归的轨迹:对义务教育目的的认识从政治动员、产业化倾向到回归公共性;对义务教育责任主体的认识从广泛发动群众到政府承担责任;对义务教育价值观的认识从偏离公共性到逐渐回归公共性;对义务教育服务对象的认识从"面向工农和阶级内平等"到"精英阶层优先"最终要惠及"最广泛的普通民众"。

The educational policy making in closely related to the governmental recognition of the public properties of the compulsory education in China.This requests the policies to comply with public benefit,equality and public participation.Chinese government has digressed due to political and profitable viewpoints,but come back on the right track of recognition on the compulsory education in objectives,subjects of responsibility,values and services as public properties.