湿地松、加勒比松育苗立地类型与基质种类选择研究

Selection of Proper Site Type and Growing Medium for Raising Pinus elliottii and P.caribeae Seedlings

选用6种育苗基质在2种立地类型下开展湿地松(Pinus elliottii)、本种加勒比松(P.caribaea var.caribaea)、洪都拉斯加勒比松(P.caribaea var.hondurensis)育苗试验。结果表明:(1)立地类型显著影响3个树种/变种苗木保存率和苗木质量(P<0.05),光照和水分供应充足的平地苗圃适合培育湿地松苗木,排水和环境卫生良好的山坡地更有利于培育加勒比松苗木;(2)湿地松的最佳基质是:20%火烧土+30%阔叶林腐殖土+47%黄心土+3%过磷酸钙、20%泥炭土+30%阔叶林腐殖土+47%黄心土+3%过磷酸钙;本种加勒比松最佳基质是:30%火烧土+20%松林表土+47%黄心土+3%过磷酸钙、30%阔叶林腐殖土+20%松林表土+47%黄心土+3%过磷酸钙;洪都拉斯加勒比松的最佳基质是:20%松林表土+30%阔叶林腐殖土+47%黄心土+3%过磷酸钙。

Six media and two sites were used to determine optimum growing conditions for Pinus elliottii, P. caribeae var. caribaea and P. caribaea var. hondurens/s seedlings. The results showed that： （i） The site conditions had significantly affection on the seedling survival rates and quality （P 〈 0. 05 ）. The flat lands with adequate sunshine and moisture were suitable for raising P. elliottii seedlings, while the sloping lands with good drainage and clean environment were suitable for raising P. caribaea seedlings. （ii） The optimum growing media were different among the three pine species/varieties. The mixtures of burned soil （20%） ＋ broad - leaved forest humus soil （30%） ＋ yellow soil （47%） ＋calcium superphosphate （3%）, and peat soil （20%） ＋ broad -leaved forest humus soil （30%） ＋ yellow soil （47%） ＋calcium superphosphate （3%） were best for Pinus elliottii seedlings. The mixtures of burned soil （30%） ＋ pine plantation top soil （20%） ＋ yellow soil （47%） ＋calcium superphosphate （3%）, and humus soil （30%） ＋ pine plantation top soil （20%） ＋ yellow soil （47%） ＋ calcium superphosphate （3%） were best for P. caribaea var. caribaea seedlings. The mixtures of pine plantation top soil （20%） ＋ humus soil （30%） ＋ yellow soil （47%） ＋calcium superphosphate （3%） were best for P. caribaea var. hondurensis seedlings.