复古与“情艳”:明代唐诗选本中的五绝建构

Retro and Love: Construction of Five-Syllable Quatrains in the Anthology of Tang Poetry in the Ming Dynasty

明代选家对五绝的评选深受宋人影响,尤其是宋元诗家、选家对王维的解读和接受,直接导致明人以王维、李白为代表的超逸绝俗的"唐绝"理念的形成,在七子派为主导的《唐诗品汇》、《古今诗删》、《唐诗解》等选本中被推举为唐绝经典。至晚明性灵之说兴起,选家主情、重性,赋予"情艳"诗全新的文化内涵,对于复古的理解也突破常见、不拘一格。"乐府体"五绝作为真正的"古调",又是求新逐异、突出个性的表征,在《唐诗归》、《唐诗镜》中异军突起,不仅诗史地位获得极大提升,影响到五绝的诗史建构。

Selections and comments of five-syllable quatrains in the anthology of Tang poetry in the Ming Dynasty are deeply influenced by the commentators in the Song Dynasty. In particular, the interpretations and acceptance of Wang Wei by the poets and commentators directly lead to the formation of ＂Tang Jueju＂ theory that is free and non-secular with Wang Wei and Li Bai as the representatives and is highly praised as the classics of ＂Tang Jueju＂ in the anthologies of Collections of Tang Poetry, Selected Anthology of the Past and Present Poems and Interpretations of Tang Poetry dominated by mingled with the emphasis on the feelings and connotations, leading to the unconventional and Qizi School. Till the late Ming Dynasty, the rise of spirit theory, spirit, endows the ＂love＂ poetry with the entirely new cultural unconfined interpretations of retro. ＂Yuefu Style＂, another fivesyllable quatrain, exists as the real ＂ancient rhythm＂, which features the novelty and peculiarity. Its prominence in Classification of Tang Poetry and Mirror of Tang Poetry not only improves its poetic status largely but also affects the poetic construction of five-syllable quatrains.