大当量装药外爆对大楼破坏过程仿真研究

Simulation Study on External Explode of Large Equivalent Charge on Large Buildings

采用Autodyn仿真软件中的SPH粒子算法,模拟大楼在大当量装药外部爆炸时产生崩落碎块的动态毁伤效应,提供可视化效果。通过单体构件仿真展示钢筋混凝土和砖砌体结构不同时刻的动态破坏细节,获得了冲击波超压数值、碎块崩落速度和动能值。通过数值模拟得出,崩落碎块速度最高可达152 m/s,动能18 000 J,对建筑物内人员及设备有很大杀伤破坏能力。在同等当量的外爆条件下,崩落碎块速度砖砌体结构大于钢筋混凝土,整体平均速度要大25%左右;墙体所受超压及反射超压,钢筋混凝土远大于砖砌体,平均大于76%以上。为大楼的毁伤评估提供了科学经济的预测手段。

The particle algorithm in AUTODYN,, Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics （SPH）, was used to simulate dynamic damage of the external explosion on large buildings, which provided a visual effect. The dynamic damage details of reinforced concrete and brick masonry structure at different time were proposed by the simulation of single component. Additionally, the overpressure of shock wave, caving velocity and kinetic energy were obtained. It shows that the caving can speed up to a maximum value of 152 rn/s with the kinetic energy of 18 000 J, that means a great damage to personnel and equipment in the building. Under the same condition of external explosion, the caving velocity of brick masonry structure is 25% higher than that of concrete. The overpressure and reflective overpressure on the concrete is 76% higher than that on the brick masonry. This work provides scientific and economic prediction methods for damage assessment of buildings.