颈外静脉穿刺及其护理干预在心源性休克患者救治中的应用方法及价值分析

Application method and value analysis of external jugular venipuncture and nursing intervention in treatment of patients with cardiogenic shock

目的探讨颈外静脉穿刺及其护理干预在心源性休克患者救治中的应用方法及价值。方法选择2011年2月-2015年6月本院收治的心源性休克患者100例,按照随机数字法分为两组,各50例,观察组实施颈外静脉穿刺置管及护理相关干预,对照组进行外周静脉置管及护理相关干预,比较两组穿刺耗时、穿刺成功所需次数及留置时间,两组干预前后患者心率及平均动脉压变化情况,并统计两组抢救成功率。结果观察组穿刺耗时短于对照组（P〈0.05）,穿刺成功所需次数少于对照组（P〈0.05）,导管留置时间长于对照组（P〈0.05）,干预后两组心率慢于对干预前对照组（P〈0.05）,平均动脉压高于干预前（P〈0.05）,且干预后观察组心率慢于对干预后对照组（P〈0.05）,平均动脉压高于干预后对照组（P〈0.05）,观察组抢救成功率达到78.0%,显著高于对照组的50.0%（P〈0.05）。结论针对心源性休克患者,实施颈外静脉穿刺及护理相关干预,能显著缩短开放静脉通道所需时间,减少穿刺次数,维持患者生命体征平稳,提高救治成功率。

Objective To explore the application method and value of external jugular venipuncture and nursing intervention in treatment of patients with cardiogenic shock. Methods 100 cases of patients with cardiogenic shock cured in our hospital from February 2011 to June 2015 were selected and divided into observation group and control group with 50 cases in each, according to the random number method. Patients in observation group were treated with external jugular venipuncture and nursing intervention, and patients in control group were treated with peripheral venous catheter and nursing intervention. Consuming puncture, puncture times needed to succeed and retention time of the two groups were compared. Heart rate and changes in mean arterial pressure of the two groups before and after the intervention were compared. Rescue success rates of the two groups were recorded. Results Consuming puncture of observation group was shorter than that of control group（P〈0.05）. Puncture times needed to succeed of observation group was less than that of control group（P〈0.05）. Catheter retention time of observation group was longer than that of control group（P〈0.05）. After the intervention, heart rates of the two groups were slower than that of control group before the intervention（P〈0.05）. Mean arterial pressure were higher than that before the intervention（P〈0.05）. Heat rate of observation group after the intervention was slower than that of control group before the intervention（P〈0.05）, and mean arterial pressure was higher than that of control group after the intervention（P〈0.05）. Rescue success rate of observation group reached up to 78.0%, which was significantly higher than that of control group with 50.0%（P〈0.05）. Conclusion For patients with cardiogenic shock, external jugular venipuncture and nursing intervention can significantly shorten the time required for intravenous access, reduce the number of puncture, maintain stable vital signs of patients, and improve the success rate of treatment.