东莞市厚街镇常住人口宫颈癌筛查结果分析及健康干预效果研究

Analysis on the Screening Results of Cervical Cancer of Resident Population in Houjie Town of Dongguan City and Study on the Effect of Health Intervention

目的分析东莞市厚街镇常住人口的宫颈癌筛查结果 ,对健康干预效果进行观察。方法选择东莞市厚街镇常住女性人口2 000名,采用巴氏涂片法初筛,高于ASCUS者进一步行阴道镜检查,同时调查宫颈疾病相关知识掌握情况。筛查后,随机分为干预组和对照组各1 000例,其中干预组在常规筛查后进行针对性健康干预,3个月后再次测评相关健康知识掌握情况。结果本次筛查宫颈癌及癌前病变发生率为1.65%,收入<1 300元的阳性率高于收入≥1 300元、文化程度高中及以下阳性率高于大专及以上,未婚及其他女性阳性率高于已婚,职业女性及其他阳性率高于家庭妇女(P<0.05)。3个月后干预组宫颈疾病相关知识知晓率提高到74.74%,明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论东莞市厚街镇常住人口育龄女性宫颈癌及癌前病变发生率受多种因素影响。对相关人群进行健康干预可提高知识知晓率,对提高本地女性的健康意识具有积极的意义。

Objective To analyze the screening results of cervical cancer of resident population in Houjie town, and to observe the effect of health intervention. Methods A total of 2 000 cases of female resident population in Houjie town were selected. Conventional smear was taken in all cases for primary screening, and those with ASCUS and above were given colposcopy. Meanwhile, the mastery of cervical disease-related knowledge was investigated. All cases were randomly divided into the intervention group and the control group equally, in which, the intervention was given targeted health intervention after screening. 3 months later, the awareness of cervical disease-related knowledge was compared between two groups. Results The screening result showed that the incidence of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions was 1.65%. The cases who had income 〈 1300 Yuan had higher positive rate than cases who had income ≥1 300 Yuan, the cases whose education level was high school or lower had higher positive rate than cases whose education level was tertiary and higher, unmarried and other women had higher positive rate than married women, and professional women had higher positive rate than housewives （all P 〈0.05）. 3 months later, the awareness rate of cervical disease-related knowledge of intervention group was 74.74%, significantly higher than that of control group （P〈0.05）. Conclusions The incidence of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions of female resident population at reproductive age in Houjie town is affected by multiple factors. Health education can help to improve the awareness rate of related knowledge, which has positive significance for improving the health awareness of local women.