基于相似理论的水平受压钻柱试验装置研制

Development of Similarity Theory-based Horizontal Well Drill String Test Apparatus

为了对水平井受压钻柱的动力学特性进行研究,基于相似理论推导杆柱的运动学微分方程,得出试验模型与现场原型之间参数的对应关系,研制了水平受压钻柱试验装置。该装置能够模拟水平井钻柱的钻压、转速、扭矩、激振频率、钻井液流动、钻柱与井筒之间的摩擦等工况,能够实现对水平井钻柱运动状态的实时监控,并据此得出钻柱的振动机理。通过轴承-转子系统动力学理论得到杆柱的运动学微分方程,并由相似理论推导出了水平受压钻柱运动状态试验研究所遵循的相似准则。研究内容能够为水平井技术的参数优化和水平井钻井装备的研制提供理论指导。

In order to conduct research on dynamic properties of drill string in the horizontal well, a horizontal well drill string test apparatus is developed based on parameter correspondence between test model and site prototype. The parameter correspondence is obtained from the kinematical differential equation of the string deduced based on the similarity theory. The test apparatus can simulate WOB, rotating speed, torque, vibration frequency, drilling fluid flowing, friction between drill string and borehole and other working conditions of drill string in the horizontal well, realize real-time monitoring of drill string motion state in the horizontal well and obtain the vibration mechanism of the drill string accordingly. Kinematical differential equation of the drill string is obtained based on dynamic theory of bearing-rotor system, and the similarity criterion for drill string motion state test is derived. Research contents can provide theoretical guidance for parameter optimization and equipment development of horizontal well drilling.