摘要
在无线传感器网络中,越靠近Sink的节点由于承担更多子孙节点的数据转发,能量消耗越快,极易形成"能量空洞",大大缩短了网络生命周期。针对能量空洞的问题,提出一种基于长链竞争机制的k-leader算法以延长网络生命周期。k-leader竞争算法将Sink一跳范围内节点的一部分数据量交给距离Sink一跳距离以外两跳范围以内的节点,通过长链直接发送给Sink节点,从而减轻Sink周围节点的负载。同时,k-leader的置换算法又保证了节点能够根据能量损耗的情况轮换担任leader节点和通过长链发送数据的节点,达到能量消耗均衡的目的。分析了leader节点的数量k的优化取值,并通过仿真验证了k-leader算法在网络生命周期、网络能耗均衡等指标上的性能。
In wireless sensor networks,the nodes near the Sink have heavier workload than other nodes, and their energy consumes much faster. This phenomenon leads to ＂energy hole＂, which shortens the lifetime of the entire sensor net-works. In order to solve the energy hole problem, this paper presented a k-leader competition algorithm based on long-link competition mechanism to prolong the sensor networks＇ lifetime. K-leader competition algorithm moves a portion of workload of the nodes which are 1-hop from Sink to the nodes that are further from Sink. At the same time, the k- leader switch algorithm makes the leader nodes swap in or out based on their energy consumption, in order to achieve load balancing. This paper analyzed the optimal value of leader nodes＇ number k. The simulation result verifies k-leader algorithm＇s performance in aspect of networks＇ lifetime and load balancing.
出处
《计算机科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第7期125-130,共6页
Computer Science
