利用红外相机网络调查古田山自然保护区的兽类及雉类多样性

Camera-trapping survey on the diversity of mammal and pheasant species in Gutianshan National Nature Reserve,Zhejiang Province

2014年5月至2015年4月,采用红外相机技术系统地调查了浙江古田山国家级自然保护区内大中型地栖兽类和鸟类的多样性组成。调查共获得244个有效位点的数据,其中兽类和雉类的照片和视频共67 086份,有效探测数16 129次,包括分属6目15科的野生兽类21种、野生雉类5种、家畜及家禽4种。记录到雉类以外的其它鸟类52种,分属6目15科。在野生兽类和雉类中,国家Ⅰ级重点保护野生动物2种,分别为黑麂(Muntiacus crinifrons)、白颈长尾雉(Syrmaticus ellioti),国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生动物7种,合计占物种总数的35%。IUCN物种红色名录评估为"易危VU"的物种2种,"近危NT"的物种5种,合计占物种总数的27%。中国生物多样性红色名录评估为"濒危"的动物1种,"易危"7种,"近危"5种,合计占物种总数的50%。独立探测数最高的兽类为小麂(Muntiacus reevesi),雉类为白鹇(Lophura nycthemera)。调查显示古田山保护区内受威胁的野生兽类和雉类的比例较高。本次调查将红外相机均匀布设于整个保护区,持续时长一年,全面监测保护区内兽类和雉类的物种组成与相对多度,为古田山保护区后续的科研项目和科学管理提供了重要依据。

We used infrared camera-trapping to systematically smwey the large terrestrial animals in Gutianshan National Nature Reserve, from May 2014 to April 2015. A total of 244 locations were surveyed and 67 086 pictures and videos of mammal and pheasant species were taken, resulting in t6 129 independent detections. We identified 21 wild mammal spe- cies belonging to 6 orders and 15 families, 5 pheasant species, and 4 domestic animal species. Another 52 bird species other than pheasants were recorded, belonging to 6 orders and 15 families. We recorded two elass-I nationally protected an- imals （Muntiacus crinifrons and Syrmaticus eUioti） and seven class-II nationally protected animals, accounting for 35% of the total recorded species. There were two species listed by IUCN global red list as Vulnerable and five as Near Threat- ened, accounting for 27% of the total recorded species. One species was listed as Endangered, seven as Vulnerable and five as Near Threatened by the Redlist of China＇ s Biodiversity, accounting for 50% of the total recorded species. Muntia- cus reevesi was the most common mammal species and Lophura nycthemera was the most common pheasant species. The re- sults show that a relative high proportion of large mammal and pheasant species are threatened in Gutianshan reserve. The camera-trapping data collected throughout the reserve during a one-year period provided comprehensive information on spe- cies composition and their relative abundance of the large terrestrial animals in Gutianshan, which served as important base- line for subsequent research and management of the reserve.