人乳头瘤病毒衣壳蛋白结构生物学研究进展

Advances in structural biology of human papillomavirus capsid proteins

人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomavirus,HPV)的感染会导致人类多种疾病,尤其是女性宫颈癌。HPV衣壳是由主要衣壳蛋白L1和次要衣壳蛋白L2形成的T=7的正二十面体结构,L1蛋白具有较强的免疫原性且能在体外自组装形成与天然病毒结构相似的类病毒颗粒(virus like particle,VLP),是目前HPV疫苗的理想形式。此外,L1、L2蛋白在病毒的感染中发挥着重要作用。对HPV衣壳蛋白结构和功能的研究,有助于进一步阐明HPV的颗粒组装机制、致病机理及感染机制,为今后开展HPV相关疾病的研究提供指导方向。本文就HPV衣壳蛋白的结构、病毒颗粒组装及衣壳蛋白间相互作用研究进展进行综述。

Human papillomavirus （HPV） infection can induce several epithelial cancers, especially cervical cancer. HPV has a T = 7 icosahedral capsid which is composed of L1 major capsid protein and L2 minor capsid protein. L1 protein has strong immunogenicity and can self-assemble into virus like particles （VLPs） which are structurally and immunologically similar to the native virions and have been considered as the ideal form of the current vaccine. In addition, both L1 and L2 proteins play an important role in viral infection. Therefore, study of the structures and the functions of the capsid proteins will help to elucidate the mechanisms of particle assembly, virus infection and pathogenesis, and provide insights for the research of HPV related diseases in the future. This review focuses on the research progress in structure, assembly conditions and the interaction of HPV capsid proteins.