正常BALB/c小鼠鼻部解剖组织学特点的实验研究

Histological characteristic observations of the nasal structure in normal BALB/c mice

目的为研究人员提供正常BALB/c的鼻部组织结构特点,为有关的动物模型的研究提供解剖基础。方法正常BALB/c小鼠头部去掉外部软组织,分别进行矢状位显微镜下大体解剖成像和冠状位石蜡切片。苏木苏-伊红和高典酸希夫染色进一步确定鼻甲、鼻窦、鼻黏膜等鼻部显微组织形态特征。结果本研究发现正常BALB/c小鼠鼻部主要结构包括犁鼻器、嗅觉上皮、上下两个鼻甲、鼻咽、窦口鼻道复合体、上颌窦、以及筛迷路形成的前组筛窦和后组筛窦。而且上颌窦以黏膜下腺体显著增生为主要特点。但是正常小鼠鼻部可能没有额窦和蝶窦。结论本研究结果提示正常BALB/c小鼠鼻部和正常人的鼻部结构有显著的区别。了解正常BALB/c小鼠鼻部组织结构特点及其和人的差异对于开展小鼠变应性鼻窦和慢性鼻窦炎等动物模型的实验研究具有重要的指导意义。

Objective This study provides researchers with histological characteristics of the nasal structure in normal BALB/c mice. Methods The heads of BALB/c mice were sectioned and imaged in the coronal or parasaggital planes. Hematoxylin- eosin and periodic acid-Schiff were used to further identify the nasal microstructures including turbinates, sinuses, and nasal epithelia. Results The nasal structure in normal BALB/c mice included vomeronasal organ and olfactory epithelia, nasoturbinate and maxilloturbinate,nasopharynx, osteomeatal complex, and anterior and posterior ethmoid sinuses formed by ethmoid labyrinth.Normal mice might not have frontal sinuses or sphenoid sinuses. Moreover, mice maxillary sinuses were characterized by an accumulation of submucosal glands. Conclusions Histological characteristics of the nasal structure in normal BALB/c mice are markedly different from that of human beings. Understanding these histological structures of normal mice shall provide an important anatomic basis for laboratories seeking to use mice in allergic rhinitis or rhinosinusitis studies.