关于古代安纳托利亚诸文明接受与引进“人才”问题的历史考察

Historical Survey on Acceptance and Invitation of Persons with Ability in Ancient Anatolian Civilizations

"人才"的接受与引进在古代世界,特别是上古时代地中海世界各个文明古国的历史上究竟呈显为怎样的面貌,是一个学术界少有关注的问题。本文选取古代安纳托利亚两千年和一千年期间的诸文明,尝试对此问题进行历史性考察。认为,无论是公元前两千纪的哈梯文明,还是赫梯文明,也无论是公元前一千纪时期的弗里吉亚文明、吕底亚文明、吕西亚文明,还是卡利安文明,"人才"的接受与引进广泛存在于这些不同时代的文明发展历程中,而且"人才"的引进已经发展成为主流。来自东西方的"人才",在不同历史阶段演绎着古代安纳托利亚文明,也铸就了古代安纳托利亚文明的特色。

In the ancient world,especially in the ancient civilizations of Near East,how did the acceptance and invitation of person with ability look like?This question was seldom concerned until now.This paper will mainly concentrate on the ancient civilizations of Anatolia during the 2nd.and the 1st.Millennium B.C.,and discuss how it was like and developed there.In our opinion,the acceptance and invitation of the skilled personnel,which is in a broader sense,was a universal phenomenon from the period of Hattian civilization,and developed greatly in the period of Hittite kingdom,Lydia,Lycian and Carian state.The acceptance of so-called talented people became the common understanding of different civilizations in ancient Anatolia.