《来世之书》中的复活仪式

Amduat and Resurrection Ritual

在大规模的整理发表工作完成之后,古埃及墓葬文献经典的研究一度趋于冷寂:一方面是由于二战后社会经济问题研究的升温,一方面是由于对古埃及宗教内涵的探索进入了"瓶颈"。近年来,一批心理学家以《亡灵书》、《来世之书》作为个案来探讨古埃及人对集体无意识世界的发现,并受到了赫尔农等埃及学家的肯定。本文认为,突破瓶颈的出路在于如何充分认识古埃及"仪式文化"的特点。对于以宗教文献孤立分析文本,或者以现代的概念替古人思考,只能是缘木求鱼。本文将结合考古和图像资料,以观念与仪式互动的视角,来重新解读《来世之书》。

In last century,after a period of systematic publications on the ancient Egypitan Mortuary literature,the amount of these publications significantly diminished.Mainly it was triggered by the post WW II socio-economical motives that inspired little interests in topics dealing with these difficult religious texts.In the recent years a renewed fascination with ancient Egyptian Mortuary literature,such as Book of the Dead and Amduat ect,was instigated by some psychologists who searched in this material for the explanations of the state of subconsiousness.Interestingly,their opinions were supported by some Egyptologists like Erik Hornung.This paper will present key breakthrough arguments for a proper understanding of the ancient Egypitan Mortuary literature based on the concept of Ritual Culture.The author will reconstruct the resurrection ritual reflected in Amduat by analysing iconographic and archaeological materials together with the texts.