清前期国家祭祀体系的文化调适

The Cultural Adjustment of the Royal Sacrifice System in Early Qing Dynasty Based on National Identity

当满洲八旗以其强大的军事力量入主中原,建立清政权后,清朝皇帝面对的是两个文化世界:满族的传统和被征服者的传统。他们通过种种措施了解、掌握儒家文化以利于自己的统治,但这不能简单地将他们理解为汉族文化的"俘虏",因为在借鉴汉制的过程中,清朝皇帝对自己族群身份的政治重要性高度警觉,仍旧有意识地坚守着本民族的原生态文化。

After the Manchurian eight banners lead the central plains of China by its powerful military force and started their Qing regime, the emperor of Qing was facing two different cultural worlds： the world with Manchu traditional culture and another world with the culture of the conquered. They tried to consolidate their conquest by using series of methods to understand and master the Confucian Culture. Even so, we cannot simply treat them as the slave of Han Culture. Because at the same time the emperors of Qing kept a clear mind consciously on original Manchu culture——Shamanistic beliefs with high alertness on the predominant political status of their own ethnic which was regarded as a sort of political way to enhance Manchu cohesion.