明清时期汾河下游旱灾的时空分布

The Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Drought in Fenhe River Downstream in Ming and Qing Dynasties

通过整理和分析历史文献资料,对明清时期汾河下游地区旱灾发生的时空分布规律进行探究,结果表明:从时间尺度来看,旱灾发生的频率大、持续时间长,2级以下的旱灾发生的频率最高,3级、4级相对较少,在明中后期、清中后期,发生重度和特大旱灾的频次相对较多;从空间尺度来看,临汾盆地中心是干旱发生的重灾区,周边山地、有支流流经的地区旱灾发生相对较少,入黄口附近因黄河的顶托作用受灾较小。

Research on historical documents and data analysis of temporal and spatial variations of drought in the Fenhe River downstream in Ming and Qing Dynasties shows that on time scale, the drought occurs frequently and lasts long; The drought below level 2 has highest frequency, level 3 and level 4 relatively low; In mid and late Ming and Qing dynasties, severe and extreme drought occurs more frequently. On spatial scale, Linfen Basin center is the worst hit area while mountainous area around it and the areas flowing tributaries are relatively better. The area adjacent to estuary of the Yellow River is less affected.