自我效能增强模式降低化疗毒副反应的效果观察

Observation of effects of self-efficacy improvement mode in reducing chemothera-peutic toxic side effects

目的：探讨自我效能增强模式降低肿瘤化疗患者化疗毒副反应的效果。方法选取相邻两时间段内深圳市某三甲医院肿瘤内科化疗患者各60例，分别进入对照组和干预组。对照组给予肿瘤科常规护理，干预组进入“自我效能加油站”，给予精细化的自我效能护理干预。分别于入院时、第3个化疗周期结束后应用一般自我效能感量表、骨髓抑制知识知晓率问卷和呕吐程度问卷进行调查。结果两组患者的一般资料具有可比性（ P〉0.05）；干预前两组的自我效能总均分、骨髓抑制知识知晓合格率差异无统计学意义（ P〉0.05）；干预后，干预组的自我效能总均分、骨髓抑制知识知晓合格率、呕吐程度分级均显著高于对照组（ P〈0.001）。结论自我效能增强模式有利于增强患者战胜疾病和坚持化疗的信心，可有效降低化疗毒副反应，提高患者化疗依从性，最终提高生活质量。

Objective To explore the effects of self-efficacy improvement mode in reducing chemotherapeutic toxic side effects. Methods A total of 60 patients from medical oncology of a certain A-grade Hospital of Shenzhen who were treated with chemotherapy between adjacent time periods were selected and divided into control group and in-tervention group. The patients of the control group received routine nursing, while the patients of the intervention group were taken into the＂pumping station of self-efficacy＂, who received fine-grained nursing intervention of self-efficacy. All of the patients were investigated by general self-efficacy scale （ GSES） , questionnaire for awareness of bone marrow suppression knowledge and questionnaire for vomiting degree at the begining of hospitalization and at the end of the third chemotherapeutic period. Results Data of the two groups＇ patients were comparable. The total score of self-efficacy and qualification rate of the knowledge awareness on bone marrow suppression of the two groups＇ patients before interven-tion had no statistical significance （P〉0. 05）; after intervention, the total score of self-efficacy, the qualification rate of the knowledge awareness on bone marrow suppression and the degree of vomiting of the intervention group were all sig-nificantly higher that that of the control group （ P〈0. 001 ） . Conclusion Self-efficacy improvement mode has the ad-vantage of increasing the patients＇ confidence in fighting against illness and persisting chemotherapy. It can reduce the toxic side effects of chemotherapy effectively, improve the patients＇ compliance with chemotherapy, and improve the life quality of patients.