论闻一多早期的“纯诗”观

On the“Pure Poetry”View of Wen Yi-duo's Early Poetics

受西方浪漫主义、唯美主义、象征主义等纯诗理论的影响,闻一多早期诗学呈现出丰富而明显的"纯诗"内涵。早期的他以美为艺术之核心、主张"为诗而诗",追求诗歌的音乐美、绘画美、建筑美,注重情感和想象,以暗示、象征的手法在诗歌世界中努力探索艺术的纯形,他的早期诗学因而呈现出鲜明的纯诗化风格。但中国诗歌的"言志载道"传统与新诗救亡图存的功利背景和目的决定了闻一多诗学在纯诗化追求中的不纯面孔。随着时代与社会的变化,有强烈忧患意识的闻一多更加意识到西方纯诗的有限性,其后期诗学的思想性、现实性和功利性日益突出,早期的纯诗论也逐渐为弹性说所取代。

Under the influence of western romanticism, aestheticism and symbolism, Wen Yi-duo＇s early poetry presents a rich and distinct connotation of ＂pure poetry＂. In the early stage, he regarded beauty as the core of art, advocated ＂Poem for poem＇s sake＂ and pursued poetic beauty of music, painting and architecture. What＇s more, he paid attention to emotion and imagination, exploring the pure form of art in the world of poetry by means of suggestion and symbolism. His early poetry thus shows a distinct pure poetic style. However, for the Chinese poetic traditiona of ＂expressing ideal and carrying doctrine＂, utilitarian background and purpose of national salvation, Wen Yi-duo＇s poetics shows impure faces in the pursuit of pure poetry. With the changes of the times and society, Wen Yi-duo, a strong sense of urgency, was more aware of the limited nature of the western poetry. The ideological, practical and utilitarian of his later poetics had become more and more prominent, and his pure poetry was gradually replaced by elastic said.