初诊2型糖尿病患者出院6个月内自我管理行为的纵向调查

Longitudinal survey of self-management behavior among newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients in the first 6 months after discharge

目的了解初诊2型糖尿病患者出院后6个月内自我管理行为的动态变化,为院外健康管理提供依据。方法运用自行设计的初诊2型糖尿病患者自我管理行为量表对115例初诊2型糖尿病患者出院后第1个月、第2个月、第3个月和第6个月的自我管理行为进行调查,分析不同时间点的自我管理行为差异。结果患者出院后第1个月、第2个月、第3个月的血糖监测、遵医用药维度和自我管理行为总分均逐渐降低,规律锻炼维度得分依次增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论随着出院时间的延长,初诊2型糖尿病患者自我管理能力逐渐减弱。前3个月为自我管理行为的可塑期,医护人员应采取有效措施加强随访,提高患者出院后的自我管理行为水平。

Objective To assess the dynamic change of self-management behavior among newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients in the first 6 months after discharge, and to provide reference for the health management out of hospital. Methods Totally 115 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients were investigated using self-designed questionnaire about self-management behavior among newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients at 1, 2, 3 and 6 months after discharge, then the differences of self-management behavior at different time points were analyzed. Results The dimension score of glucose monitoring, medication-compliance and the total score of self-management behavior decreased gradually, while the dimension score of regular exercise increased at the the end of the first, the second and the third month after discharge, and the differences were significant（P〈0.05, P〈0.01）. Conclusion With discharge time extending, patientsr self management ability weakened. The first 3 month is the plastic stage of self-management behavior for newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients, thus medical staff should take effective measures to strengthen follow up, then to improve patients＇ self-management behavior after discharge.