健康干预对老年人接种肺炎疫苗意愿的影响

The Influence of Health Intervention on the Will of the Aged Patients with Pneumonia Vaccine

目的探讨健康干预对老年人接种肺炎疫苗意愿的影响。方法于东莞市东城社区选取未接受肺炎疫苗接种的常住老年居民200名作为研究对象,对其开展肺炎疫苗接种意愿问卷调查,并对不愿意接种肺炎疫苗的原因进行分析。按照肺炎疫苗接种意愿调查结果将200名老年居民分为自愿组(58名)和抵触组(142名),均接受有针对性的健康干预。比较干预前后自愿组与抵触组老年居民对肺炎、肺炎疫苗接种的认知情况;干预后根据是否愿意接种肺炎疫苗将抵触组老年居民分为愿意组(67名)与二次抵触组(75名),并比较两组老年居民对肺炎、肺炎疫苗接种的认知情况。结果干预前,抵触组老年居民对肺炎、肺炎疫苗接种的认知评分均明显低于自愿组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);干预后,自愿组与抵触组老年居民对肺炎、肺炎疫苗接种的认知评分均明显提高(P<0.05),且组间比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);干预后,抵触组中仍抵触接种疫苗的老年居民其肺炎、肺炎疫苗接种认知评分均明显低于干预后愿意接种疫苗的老年居民,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论在社区老年居民接种肺炎疫苗前,实施有针对性的健康干预,可有效提高老年居民对肺炎疫苗接种的认知程度,使其自愿参与肺炎疫苗接种。

Objective To explore the influence of health intervention on the will of the aged patients with pneumonia vaccine.Methods In Dongguan Dongcheng community selected did not receive pneumococcal vaccination in the residents aged 200 as the research object,to carry out its willingness of pneumonia vaccination questionnaire and do not want to cause pneumonia vaccination analysis.According to the survey results of pneumonia vaccination will be 200 elderly residents divided into voluntary groups（58） and the resistance group（142）,were targeted health intervention.Compared before and after the intervention of voluntary group and group of elderly residents of pneumonia,pneumonia vaccination cognition conflict;after the intervention according to whether or not willing to pneumococcal vaccine will conflict with the group of elderly residents is willing to group（67） and conflict group（75）,and compared between the two groups of elderly residents of pulmonary infection,pneumonia vaccination cognition. Results Before intervention and conflict group elderly residents of pneumonia,pneumonia vaccination of cognitive scores were significantly lower than those in voluntary group,differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05）; intervention,voluntary group and conflict group elderly residents of pneumonia,pneumonia vaccination of cognitive scores were significantly high（P〈0.05）,and between group differences had no statistical significance（P〈0.05）; intervention,conflict group still conflict vaccination in the elderly residents of pneumonia,pneumonia vaccination cognitive scores were significantly lower than those in the intervention to vaccination of the elderly residents.The difference has statistical significance（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The implementation of targeted health interventions in the community of elderly residents before vaccination,can effectively improve the cognitive level of the elderly residents of pneumonia vaccination,so that their voluntary participation in pneumonia vaccination.