国共三民主义之争与新民主主义革命话语的建构(1938—1940)

The Debate of Three People's Principle(Nationalism, Democracy and the People's Livelihood) and the Construction of the Revolutionary Discourses for New Democracy(1938-1940)

三民主义作为孙中山创立的革命理论和政纲,在很长一个时期都是中国革命的政治符号,成为中国革命的表征性话语。抗日战争进入相持阶段后,汪、蒋集团为争夺国民党正统地位,对三民主义进行了不同诠释,但都力图将共产党、共产主义消弭于三民主义之中,由此引发了国共两党关于三民主义的激烈论争。以毛泽东为代表的中国共产党人通过区分真假、新旧三民主义,完成了对三民主义的解构与重构,同时又以"新民主主义"为主题提出了一系列新概念新思想,对中国革命的性质、任务、前途、步骤等重大问题作了科学阐述,初步建构起新民主主义革命的话语体系,实现了对三民主义话语的超越,逐步掌握了中国民主革命的话语权。

As the revoliutionary theory and platform created by Sun Yat-sen, the Three People＇s Principle has been the political symbol of Chinese revolution for quite a long period of time, and thus became the representative discourse of China＇s revolution. During the stalement stage of Anti-Japanese War, the groups of Nationalist Party （KMT） reinterpreted Three People＇s Principle in different ways to compete for legitimacy and to eliminate Communism and the Communist Party of China, provoking a discourse debate between KMT and CPC. By distinguishing the true and false, new and old ones, the Communists with comrade Mao Zedong as major representative completed the deconstruction and reconstruction of Three People＇ s Principle. At the same time, they created a series of new concepts and ideas, scientifically elaborated on major issues like the nature, task, future and steps of the Chinese revolution, and constructed the New Democracy discourse which surmounted that of the Three People＇s Principle, through which CPC got the discourse power of Chinese revolution ultimately.