北京市公共服务场所流动青少年艾滋病知识知晓率及影响因素

Awareness rate of acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS)-related knowledge and influencing factors among floating adolescents working in public service places in Beijing

目的了解北京市公共服务场所流动青少年艾滋病知识知晓情况及其影响因素,为开展流动青少年艾滋病健康教育、控制艾滋病在流动青少年中传播提供参考依据。方法选取2014年北京市海淀区和顺义区公共服务从业人员体检中心前来体检的全部16～24岁流动青少年为调查对象,采用自行设计的调查问卷对其进行艾滋病相关知识知晓情况调查。使用SPSS 17.0进行统计分析。结果共获取有效问卷2182份,调查对象艾滋病知识知晓率仅为31.0%。艾滋病主要传播途径相关知识知晓率较高,艾滋病检测相关知识知晓率较低,对题目＂病毒感染之初的窗口期内,检查结果是阴性的＂知晓率仅为23.3%。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,男性[比值比（OR）=1.332]、已婚（OR=1.909）、文化程度在本科及以上（OR=3.943）和接受过艾滋病教育（OR=1.774）等,是公共服务场所流动青少年艾滋病知识知晓情况的保护性因素。结论北京市公共服务场所流动青少年艾滋病相关知识知晓率较低,尤其缺乏对艾滋病检测相关知识的了解。应采取措施提高流动青少年的受教育水平,加强艾滋病健康教育。

Objective To understand the awareness status of AIDS-related knowledge and its influencing factors of floating adolescents working in public service places in Beijing,in order to provide references for AIDS health education and control among this group.Methods Disease prevention and control centers and medical examination centers of Haidian and Shunyi districts were selected as investigation sites and the anonymous questionnaire interviews were conducted among floating adolescents aged 16-24 years who went to the centers to have physical examinations for their employment.Data were analyzed by software SPSS 17.0.Results Totally 2182 effective questionnaires were acquired.The awareness rate of AIDS related knowledge was 31%,while that of main AIDS transmission routes was higher.The awareness rate of HIV testing related knowledge was very low.The awareness rate of＂HIV testing result will be negative in a window period at the initial stage of HIV infection＂was only 23.3%.Binary logistic regression analysis showed that male（OR=1.332）,married（OR=1.909）,education degree in bachelor or above（OR=3.943）and having received AIDS related education（OR=1.774）were protective factors on the awareness rate of knowledge about HIV/AIDS among floating adolescents.Conclusion Floating adolescents working in public service places in Beijing has a low awareness rate of AIDS-related knowledge,especially knowledge related to HIV testing.In order to control the spread of AIDS in this group,measures should be taken to improve the level of their education and AIDS education should also be strengthened.