医务人员HIV职业暴露后心理体验的质性研究

Qualitative research on psychological experience of medical staff after occupational exposure to HIV

目的深入了解医务人员艾滋病病毒(HIV)职业暴露后的心理体验。方法选取台州市4家三级医院11例在工作场所HIV职业暴露的医务人员,以深入性访谈方式进行资料收集,并使用现象学的分析方法及Nvivo8.0中文版软件辅助分析资料,将访谈内容深入分析、整理并提炼主题。结果医务人员HIV暴露后的心理体验可归纳为2个主题群:心理体验的动态过程3个阶段(精神寄托、情感支持、有效应对)和3个维度(正性生存意识、健康至上的价值观、创伤遭遇后衍生的利他)。结论医务人员HIV职业暴露后,应关注其心理、情感的变化,帮助其顺利走出创伤阴影,最终达成其社会、心理功能的完好状态。

Objective To thoroughly understand the psychological experience of medical staff after occupational exposure to HIV.Methods 11 cases of medical staff were selected from Taizhou four tertiary hospitals,who experienced in occupational exposure to HIV.In-depth interview was made to collect the information,and phenomenological analysis method was used with NVivo 8.0Chinese version for the analysis.Results The psychological experience of medical staff after occupational exposure to HIV could be summed up into two aspects：dynamic process of three stages（spiritual sustenance,emotional support,effective responses）and three dimensions（positive sense of survival,the value of health first,post-traumatic derivation of altruism）.Conclusion After occupational exposure of medical staff to HIV,we should pay attention to their psychological and emotional changes,to help them stay out of the shadow of trauma,and ultimately achieve the healthy state of their social,psychological function.