“三科之条,五家之教”诸说辨析

Differentiation and Analysis of the Views about“Three Principles and Five Indoctrinations”

东汉经学家郑玄提出了《尚书》有"三科之条,五家之教"的主旨,清儒段玉裁等认为这是汉代古文《尚书》和今文《尚书》的不同学说,影响甚大。但自清代、民国以来,也有学者表示反对,诸家的考辨和结论体现出不同的学术方法和学术视角。综合汉代经学史料与诸家之说,郑玄之说当为汉代今文学派,即博士经学的观点,体现了董仲舒《公羊春秋》的学说,而以清代魏源的考释最为准确。

Zheng Xuan,the Confucian classics scholar in the Eastern Han Dynasty,brought forth the idea that Shang Shu（Book of History）had the tenet of＂Three Principles and Five Indoctrinations＂.It is taken by Duan Yucai as revealing different views respectively held by the two schools of ancientcharacter and contemporary-character Shang Shuin the Han Dynasty.The idea of Duan＇s has been objected to by some scholars even since the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China.These different views reflect different academic methods and perspectives.A comprehensive exploration of the historical literature shows that the idea of Zheng Xuan identifies himself with the school of contemporarycharacter Shang Shuin the Han Dynasty and is in accordance with Dong Zhongshu＇s thought about Gongyang Chun Qiu（The Spring and Autumn by Gongyang Gao）.Among all the scholars,Wei Yuan,a scholar in the Qing Dynasty,has offered the most accurate textual research.