福建建溪细鳞鲴国家级水产种质资源保护区的鱼类多样性

Species diversity of fish community of Xenocypris microlepis national aquatic germplasm resource reserve in Jianxi river

2011—2013年对福建省建溪细鳞鲴国家级种质资源保护区的4个江段进行了鱼类资源现状调查。共采集到鱼类77种,隶属于4目18科57属。渔获物分析表明,该保护区鱼类以鲤形目鱼类为主,占鱼类总种类比的64.9%;常见种有黄颡鱼(Pseudobagrus fulvidraco)、细鳞鲴(Xenocypris microlepis)、翘嘴鲌(Culter alburnus)、光泽黄颡鱼(Pseudobagrus nitidus)、子陵吻虎鱼(Ctenogobius giurinus)、银(Gnathopogon argentatus)等15种,以杂食性、底层、适应缓流生活的鱼类为主。保护区内的鱼类多样性指数、单船捕捞努力量较低,主要经济鱼类个体出现小型化现象。

A survey on fishery resources was carried out in Xenocypris microlepis national aquatic germplasm resources reserve in Jianxi River from 2011 to 2013. 77 fish species belonging to 4 orders,18 families and 57 genera were recorded.Analysis showed that the Cyprinid fishes were the dominant species,accounting for 64. 9% of total fish species. Pseudobagrus fulvidraco,Xenocypris microlepis,Pseudobagrus nitidus,Ctenogobius giurinus,and Gnathopogon argentatus were common species in the reserve. The ecological types of the fish primarily consisted of benthic fishes,omnivorous fishes,and fish adapting to lentic or slow current. The body miniaturization was observed in the most economic fishes. Both the fish diversity and catch per unit effort decreased significantly in Jianxi River of the reserve than those of the upstream rivers.