艾森豪威尔时期美国对东南亚援助政策评析

The U.S.Aid Policy of Eisenhower Administration in Southeast Asia

艾森豪威尔时期,美国遏制战略的重点明显转向亚洲,在强调全面战争风险逐渐减少、避免直接军事介入的同时,日益强调通过经济、政治手段对抗共产主义对东南亚的渗透。对外援助成为美国东亚遏制战略中最重要的政策性工具之一。美国的援助主要集中在东南亚条约组织成员国,但也渐渐流向一些中立主义国家,并在经济援助和军事援助的比例关系上呈现出与美国对欧洲援助的明显差异。

The focus of the U. S. containment strategy shifted to Asia significantly in Eisenhower era. The overall risk of war had been reduced gradually and the government avoided direct military intervention in this area. The political and economic means became the preferred option to fight against Communism infiltration in Southeast Asia. Aids became the most important policy tool of American Containment Strategy. The aids were mainly concentrated in the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization member countries, but also flew to some neutral countries. It was very different with the aid to Europe in terms of proportion of economic aid and military assistance.