基于AMMI模型分析凡纳滨对虾选育家系基因型与环境互作效应

Analysis of genotype-environmental interaction of Litopenaeus vannamei based on AMMI model

为选育出具有广适性和适应某一特定环境的凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)家系,实验采用巢式交配设计建立了凡纳滨对虾选育家系,并从中选出7个体质量性状优良的家系进行主效可加互作可乘模型(AMMI)分析,得出7个凡纳滨对虾选育家系体质量基因型与环境互作效应。结果表明,凡纳滨对虾7个家系的基因型与环境互作效应(G×E)达极显著水平(P<0.01);G×E效应平方和占总平方和的20.608%,家系效应平方和占总平方和的12.814%,环境效应平方和占总平方和的64.289%,说明家系体质量差异受环境效应影响显著,此外环境与基因型互作效应对体质量也存在影响,且影响力大于家系效应;基于双标图AMMI模型分析和稳定性参数分析,家系G2产量较高,为12.90g,但G2对环境的选择能力以及依赖性较强,不适合广泛推广;G6产量为9.00g,与G2相比虽然产量稍低,但其家系稳定性较高,对环境选择能力以及依赖性较弱,适合在多种类型环境下养殖,因此G6为中产、稳定、广适应性的家系,其基因型适合新品系的选育及推广;通过AMMI模型双标图功能形态分析,G11在E1环境中体质量最高产,适合与在E1环境下推广;G2在E2环境中最高产,适合在E2环境下推广;G5在E3环境中体质量最高产,适于在E3环境下推广。

In order to obtain fine families with universality in the process of selecting breeding,we carried out diallel crosses and nest design to establish the families,and chose seven families with better individual quality traits.AMMI（additive main and multiplicative interaction）model was used to analyze data.The results showed that the effect of G×E interaction on body weight reached significant level（P〈0.01）,and G×E effects on body weight was higher than families genotype.The quadratic sum of G×E effect accounted for 20.608%in the total quadratic sum,and the quadratic sum of families genotype effect accounted for 12.814%,and the quadratic sum of environmental effect accounted for 64.289%,suggested that environmental effect on body weight was higher than families genotye.Based on the double plot AMMI model and stability parameter analysis,the yield of family G2 was the highest（12.9g）and the stability parameter of the G2 families was the highest（2.536 6）,so it is not suitable for wide promotion.Although family G6 production is lower than G2,its stability is higher than G2.Obviously,family G6 had a high and stable yield and wide adaptability and the genotype was beneficial to select breeding of new variety（or new strain）.Three test locations were divided into three environment groups,i.e.,E1,E2 and E3,at the same time,family G 11,G2,G5 should be dispatched to the environment E1,E2,E3 respectively,based on＂Which-won-where＂view of the AMMI biplot.The conclusion of the study can provide theoretic basis for selecting breeding of new strains（or new varieties）and the extension of fine families.