上海市闵行区居民抗菌药物合理使用知识、态度和行为调查

The survey of the resident's knowledge attitude and practice for antibacterial medications in Minhang district of Shanghai

目的了解上海市社区居民对使用抗菌药物的知识、态度和行为现况,为全科医师的社区健康教育工作提供依据。方法 2012年12月—2013年1月采用便利抽样方法,抽取200名社区居民作为调查对象,以问卷调查的形式,调查并分析社区居民对使用抗菌药物的知识、态度和行为状况。计量资料比较采用t检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果对于抗菌药物的种类、名称方面回答正确的社区居民有156人(78.0%)。知识得分为(2.39±1.36)分,得分率为39.83%;态度得分为(4.87±2.13)分,得分率为54.11%;行为得分为(2.89±1.16)分,得分率为57.80%。不同学历社区居民的知识[(2.01±1.20)、(2.89±1.39)分]、态度[(4.31±1.89)、(5.62±2.22)分]得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);不同性别社区居民的知识[(11.73±4.30)、(9.04±3.67)分]、态度[(2.94±1.35)、(2.01±1.22)分]、行为[(5.74±2.12)、(4.26±1.93)分]得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论全科医生应采取针对性措施,加强抗菌药物的政策法规、适应证、合理用法用量等基础知识的健康教育,注意针对不同人群采用不同的沟通方式,着重发挥家庭医生责任制的长处,在日常工作中重点着眼于居民不良用药行为的纠正。

Objective To study the status of the resident＇s knowledge attitude and practice for antibacterial medications in Shanghai, and to provide the basis for community health education.Methods 200 residents were sampled randomly in community from December 2012 to January 2013. The status of resident knowledge attitude and practice were investigated and analyzed by questionnaires. Measurement data was processed by t test, P〈0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results156 community residents（78.0%） answered correctly in categories and titles of antibacterial agents. The score of knowledge, attitude and practice were（2.39±1.36）,（ 4.87±2.13）,（ 2.89±1.16）, the scoring average was 39.83%,54.11%,57.80%. There were significant differences in the scores of knowledge[（2.01±1.20）,（2.89±1.39）scores] and attitude[（4.31±1.89）,（5.62±2.22）scores] in different degree（all P〈0.05）. There were significant differences in the scores of knowledge[（11.73±4.30）,（9.04±3.67）scores], attitude[（2.94±1.35）,（2.01±1.22）scores] and practice[（5.74±2.12）,（4.26±1.93）scores] in different gender（ all P〈0.05）. Conclusion Health education should be strengthened for the basic knowledge which are regulation, indication, usage and dosage of rationality.Different methods of communication are adopted for different resident. General practitioners must correct the bad drug taking behavior with the help of responsibility system of family doctors.