供给侧结构性改革的重点和难点——建立有效市场和维护服务型有限政府是关键

The Emphasis and Difficulties of the Supply-side Structural Reform——Establishing Efficient Market and a Service-Oriented Limited Government is the Key

在改革开放成就巨大和问题严重两头都冒尖、改革进入深水区的艰难时刻,近些年来中国经济持续大幅下滑、继续下行是大概率事件。潜在增长率即使下降也是缓慢的,而实际经济增长率却在短短几年内大幅下滑,这极其不正常,如不尽快扭转,会导致一系列严重的社会经济问题和风险。原因在于十八届三中、四中、五中全会的决议精神和发展理念都没能真正得到有效执行和落地,同时,在稳增长短期对策以及供给侧结构性改革的长期治理方面都出现了严重的偏差,发展的逻辑和治理的逻辑都出现了问题,仍然一如既往地"重政府轻市场、重国富轻民富、重发展轻服务"。从理论、历史和统计三个维度而言,解放思想是关键,提高市场效率的供给侧结构性改革是关键,提振民间信心是关键,平衡好供给侧结构性改革和刺激需求端更是关键。建立有效市场,政府在维护和服务方面发挥好作用,提供各种所有制公平自由竞争的环境,让民营经济大发展,这才是中国应对经济困境的治标和治本之策。

In the current difficult time where the achievements and problems of reform and opening up are both great and it is in a deep-water zone, China＇s economy will be very likely to continue to decline for years to come. The potential growth rate, even if it has declined, is still slow, while the real economic growth rate has fallen sharply in the last few years. This is extremely unusual, if not reversed as soon as possible, it will lead to a succession of serious social and economic problems and risks. The reason is that the resolutions and development ideas made at the Third, Fourth, and Fifth Plenary Sessions of the Eighteenth Central Committee of the CPC have not been truly and effectively implemented. At the same time, there is enormous disparity existing concerning the short-term measures for ensuring growth and the long-term governance for the supply-side structural reform, which means the logic of development and governance both have problems, and the long-standing problem is still there that too much emphasis is placed on government rather than the market, on wealth of the state rather than wealth of the people, and on development rather than service provision to the people. From the dimensions of theory, history and statistics, the key is to emancipate the mind, improve the supply- side structural reform concerning market efficiency, boost private-sector confidence, and strike a balance between implementing supply-side structural reform and stimulating the demand side. Establishing an effective market, letting the government play a good role in maintaining social order and providing services to the people, ensuring there is a market environment where entities under all kinds of ownership can compete freely and fairly, and promoting the great development of the private economy are the effective solutions to China＇s economic difficulties.