全球气候治理新机制与中国经济的低碳转型

New Governance Mechanism for Global Climate Change and China's Economic Low-Carbon Transformation

《巴黎协定》确立了2020年后国际气候治理新机制,以全球紧迫的控制温升和减排温室气体的长期目标为导向,以各国自行提出国家自主决定贡献(INDC)为基础,在体现公平公正原则下,各国自觉和自愿采取合作行动,以应对气候变化对地球和人类构成紧迫的、可能无法逆转的威胁,同时实现各国的互惠共赢,共同发展。我国积极促进《巴黎协定》的达成,并提出2020年后有雄心、有力度的国家自主贡献目标和行动计划,体现了发展中大国的责任担当,同时国内也以该目标为导向,促进国内经济发展方式走上气候友好的低碳经济发展路径。在当前经济发展新常态下,转换发展动力,转变增长方式,调整经济结构,产业转型升级,将有力促进单位GDP能源强度和CO_2强度的较大幅度下降,有效控制CO_2排放的增长。"十三五"期间将采取更强有力的节能降碳措施,实施"强度"和"总量"的双控机制,能源消费的CO_2排放年均增速将由"十一五"期间的6.03%、"十二五"期间的2.71%进一步下降到约1.6%,为实现2030年左右CO_2排放达峰的自主贡献目标奠定基础,形成经济发展、环境改善、CO_2减排的现代化建设新格局,并为推进全球应对气候变化的合作进程做出新的积极贡献。

The Paris Agreement established a new mechanism for post-2020 global climate governance. It was guided by the urgent global long-term goals of controlling temperature rise and reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and based on all parties＇ voluntary intended nationally determined contributions（INDCs）. Under the principles of equity and fairness, all parties would consciously and voluntarily engage in the cooperation in combating climate change which constitutes the urgent and likely irreversible threat to the earth and mankind, and will achieve mutual benefit and common development. China had actively promoted the formulation of the Agreement and proposed an ambitious post-2020 INDC target and its action plan. This reflects that China is willing to bear its responsibility as a big developing country. Guided by the target, China has directed its economy onto the pathway of climate-friendly and low-carbon development. Under the ＂new normal＂ of economic development, China will work on converting the drive of development, transforming the growth pattern, adjusting economic structure and upgrading industrial transformation, so as to decrease the energy intensity and CO2 intensity of GDP to a great extent and effectively control the increase of CO~ emissions. In the 13th Five Year Plan （FYP） period, China will adopt stronger policies on energy saving and carbon reduction, including the double control mechanism of ＂intensity＂ and ＂total＂. It is expected that the annual growth rate of China＇s CO2 emissions from energy consumption will fall from the 6. 03% of the llth FYP period and the 2.71% of the 12th FYP period to about 1.6% in the 13th FYP period. All these will lay a foundation for achieving the INDC objective of the peaking of CO2 emissions around 2030, and help to form a new setup of modernization consisting of developed economy, improved environment and reduced CO2 emissions. China will make new contributions to advancing the global cooperation in addressing climate change.