快速城镇化前后西安城郊乡村景观典型变化与动因研究

Research on typical transformation and motivation circa the rapid urbanization in Xi'an suburban rural landscape

在快速城镇化阶段,面对西安城郊乡村景观所发生的巨大变化,本研究在辨析西安城郊乡村景观概念的基础上,利用地貌特征将其划分为平原型、台塬型、丘陵型与山地型,并在四类乡村景观中选取一块中等尺度的景观样片,借助GIS技术与Fragstates软件计算景观指数,同时比较不同变化程度的乡村景观,分析快速城镇化前后乡村景观的典型变化,发现不同的乡村景观出现了不同的变化特征,提出乡村景观变化的具体动因主要为城市空间形态的扩展、乡村产业结构升级、农业产业发展以及各种生态政策的实施.

In the rapid urbanization and, facing the huge changes of Xi＇an suburban rural landscape, this research starts from the basic concept discrimination about rural landscape. For finding out the rules of Xi＇an suburban rural landscape, there are four typical topographical features from different type of rural landscape can be classified, i.e. the plain type, tableland type, hills type and mountains type. Furthermore, a medium scale landscape sample is selected in these four types of rural landscape for comparing their transformation of forward and backward in the rapid urbanization period, and then GIS and Fragstates are used to calculate the land- scape index for concluding the different variations of rural landscape in the different period, as well as their characteristics and in- fluenced rules. In the end, this paper brings out the specific motivation of the rural landscape transformation： the expansion of urban form, the suburban industrial structure upgrade, the agricultural industrial development. And also presents a variety of strategies for ecological policy implementation.