中国农业生产中的节水灌溉:区域差异与方式选择

China's Water Saving Irrigation for Agricultural Production:Regional Differences and Methods Choice

本文考虑到农作物的经济效益和地区经济发展状况的差异,使用2003—2013年农业省级面板数据,研究了三大农业区域的最优节水灌溉方式的选择问题。结果指出,北方农业区应发展以喷灌、微灌和低压管灌为主的节水灌溉;南方农业区应实施喷灌;随着北方和南方地区经济的发展,对传统土渠进行改良的渠道防渗已不再促进农业生产;西部农业区应优先发展渠道防渗和微灌,对于基础设施相对落后的西部农业区,利用渠道防渗改良传统土渠,可以有效促进当地农业的发展。

Given differences in economic benefits of crops and regional economic development, this paper applies provincially agricul- tural panel data from 2003 to 2013 to explore optimal water-saving irrigation methods for the three agriculture region. Results show that northern agriculture region should develop sprinkler irrigation, micro-irrigation and low pressure pipe irrigation and southern region should implement sprinkler irrigation. With the economic development, the northern and southern agriculture region no longer suits canal seepage control which is an improvement for traditional earth canal. The western agriculture district should give priority to canal seepage control and micro-irrigation. Contrast to the northern and southern, canal seepage control can efficiently enhance agriculture devel- opment for the relatively backward western agriculture region.