可卡因对雌性棕色田鼠的运动性、社会行为及中枢精氨酸加压素、催产素和酪氨酸羟化酶表达的影响

Effects of Cocaine on Locomotion,Social Behaviors and the Expression of Central Arginine Vasopressin,Oxytocin and Tyrosine Hydroxylase in Female Mandarin Voles

精氨酸加压素(AVP)和催产素(OT)能够调节社会行为,并通过调节多巴胺(DA)的活动参与药物成瘾。棕色田鼠Lasiopodomys mandarinus是一种单配制田鼠,具有较复杂的社会行为。本研究以酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)标记DA神经元,对雌性棕色田鼠连续注射可卡因[20 mg·(kg·d)^(-1)]4 d,24 h后测量其运动性、焦虑水平和社会行为以及AVP、OT和TH的变化。结果发现,与对照组相比,可卡因组运动性提高,社会探究行为和攻击行为下降,但焦虑水平差异没有统计学意义。同时,可卡因组下丘脑前区AVP和下丘脑室旁核OT的免疫活性神经元数量减少;室旁核和中脑腹侧被盖区TH的免疫活性神经元数量增加。这些结果说明反复暴露于可卡因能够改变雌性棕色田鼠的行为敏感化及社会行为。AVP、OT和DA参与了这一调节过程。

Arginine vasopressin（ AVP） and oxytocin（ OT） are associated with the regulation of social behaviors and involved in drug abuse by mediating dopamine（ DA） activity. Mandarin voles（ Lasiopodomys mandarinus） are socially monogamous rodents with complex social behaviors. Tyrosine hydroxylase（ TH） is an indicator of DA production. In this study,female mandarin voles were treated by cocaine [20 mg·（ kg·d）^（-1）]for 4 days,and the locomotion,anxiety levels and social behaviors as well as the expression of AVP,OT and TH-immunoreactive（ IR） neurons were then assessed after 24 h of withdrawal. Compared to the saline control,cocaine-treated group exhibited higher levels of locomotion and less social behaviors and aggressive behavior. However,anxiety levels were not altered. In addition,we found that cocaine resulted in a reduction of AVP-IR neurons in the anterior hypothalamus and OT-IR neurons in the paraventricular nucleus（ PVN）. Furthermore,more TH-IR neurons in the PVN and VTA were found in the cocaine-treated group. Taken together,these results suggested that repeated cocaine exposure may alter behavioral sensitization and social behaviors in female mandarin voles,and AVP,OT and DA may play potential regulatory roles.